Theintellectualsofthesecountrieslaterwereeducatedunderthecolonialsystemandgraduallydevelopedtheideaofnationalindependence.However,theyoftenhadtousetheirbackwardtraditionstoopposethecolonizers,justlikeMahatmaGandhiofIndia.SomeevenbelievethattheJapaneseinvadersmighthavehelpedthemgainindependence.AftertheWWII,theironlyoptionwastorestoretheoldcolonialpoliticalsystemandfelltotheoldreligiousandsocialtraditions.

2017年底，印度新德里政l7q8研究中心布拉x0Fi切拉尼（BrahmaChellaney）教授写了一篇题i2Tx《中国的债权AbLt国主义》（China’sCreditorImperialism）的评论文章，勾勒中L7nk借用主权债务Pf2K迫他国臣服的lamU帝国主义形象nGsY，文中提及中fCIO近年来收购或xAYY资建设包括斯MAmS兰卡汉班托塔0FK4希腊比雷埃夫6TAC、吉布提、肯8v5J亚蒙巴萨等海Tj7R港口要冲，构06Sa中国正在使“seO1阿根廷到纳米D4jh亚再到老挝等pbhk多国家陷入债bSWT陷阱”BDeQ